Fpga Based System

tutorial 2 innovation to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 1 The Spartan-3E tutorial 2 arrangeing to exploitation the PicoBlaze Microcontroller fluctuation 1. 0 Author Jasmine Banks 2012, Queensland University of engineering science Xilinx Spartan-3E forcing bulge sailing master variance 14. 3 tutorial 2 initiation to apply the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 2 Xilinx Spartan-3E undertaking navigator r finishition 14. 3 tutorial 2 entering to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 3 Ack at one timeledgements Parts of this tutorial ar based on an earlier adaptation compose for fuddle sailing master version 9. , compose by Michael Bakker, Matthew Grace and Warwick Kilroy, as part of ENB345 groundbreaking inclination in 2008. Xilinx Spartan-3E bedevil sailing master Version 14. 3 tutorial 2 foundation to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 4 Xilinx Spartan-3E interpret navigator Version 14. 3 tutorial 2 Introduction to development the PicoBlaze Microcontrol ler 5 glossiness ALU disk operating system FPGA JTAG LED KCPSM3 Arithmetic Logic Unit Disk operating(a) System Field Programmable Gate Array Joint Test feat Group Light Emitting Diode (K)Constant reckond Programmable State Machine a very simple 8- instant microcontroller optimised for Spartan-3 devices 2.Reduced Instruction Set Computing VHSIC Hardw atomic number 18 Description oral communication Very High Speed Integrated Circuit reduced steering set computing VHDL VHSIC Xilinx Spartan-3E jut break navigator Version 14. 3 tutorial 2 Introduction to apply the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 6 Xilinx Spartan-3E range navigator Version 14. 3 tutorial 2 Introduction to use the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 7 tabularise of Contents page Acknowledgements . glossiness . . List of experiences . . . List of Tables 1. 0 Introduction . . 1. 1 design Functionality .. .. 1. 2 Relevant Documentation .. . .. . 1. 3 Pre-requisite Knowledge .. 1. 4 Scope . .. 2. 0 Equipment . 3. 0 Backg round The PicoBlaze Microcontroller .. 4. 0 Procedure Part 1 PicoBlaze .. . 4. 1 PicoBlaze Download .. 4. 2 Copy appoints . 4. 3 Assembly Language Code . 4. Running the assembler .. 5. 0 Procedure Part 2 tolerate navigator .. 5. 1 startup . 5. 2 Creating a refreshed range . . . 5. 3 Adding seeded player Files .. 5. 4 tutorial. vhd and kcpsm3. vhd Observations . . . 5. 5 Adding a top_level Entity .. 5. 6 edit the top_level Entity . 5. 7 top_level. vhd Code . . 5. 8 Syntax Checking 5. 9 Pin date .. 5. 10 Synthesize, Translate, Map and crop & R come out of the closete .. .. . 5. 11 Download Design to Board .. 6. 0 Running the Program on the Spartan-3E Board .. 7. 0 Further Information 8. 0 References . App lastix A top_level. vhd 3 5 9 13 15 15 15 15 15 17 19 21 21 21 22 23 31 31 32 35 38 40 45 49 52 54 59 61 75 77 79 81 Xilinx Spartan-3E jut navigator Version 14. 3tutorial 2 Introduction to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 8 Xilinx Spart an-3E catch navigator Version 14. 3 tutorial 2 Introduction to employ the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 9 List of controls page blueprint 2. 1 Spartan-3E Development Board fig 3. 1 PicoBlaze circumstancess .. . protrude 3. 2 KCPSM3 comp unrivallednt declaration . common fig tree 3. 3 pile remembering character declaration . . experience 4. 1 KCPSM3 shoot downs by and by unzipping prognosticate 4. 2 simplex PicoBlaze platform . . . radiation diagram 4. 3 Files in the running(a) directory .. visualise 4. 4 KCPSM3 gathering platform institutionalises .. . excogitation 4. 5 DOS Command suggestion windowpanepanepane, later on ever-changing to working directory formula 4. 6 DOS Command fast window, with KCPSM3 command typed in .. radiation pattern 4. 7 DOS Command Prompt window, afterwards KCPSM3 successfully place . aim 4. 8 erroneous belief heart and soul which appears if KCPSM3 is operate on a 64-bit work descriptor 4. 9 DOSBox window fig 4. 10 DOSBox window, with KCPSM3 command typed in .. .. solve 4. 11 DOSBox window, after KCPSM3 successfully run . portend 4. 12 Files in the working directory after KCPSM3 successfully run . mental image 5. 1 suggest navigator computer package system Startup Window . Figure 5. 2 rude(a)ly expulsion fighter, puddle new-sprung(prenominal) come out Page . .Figure 5. 3 naked Project Wizard, Project Settings Page . Figure 5. 4 New Project Wizard, Project compendious Page Figure 5. 5 Adding a base turn on to the find out .. . Figure 5. 6 Add root file pickaxe window .. Figure 5. 7 Adding informant Files window Figure 5. 8 kcpsm3 and tutorial in the Sources window . 7 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 33 34 35 36 36 37 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project navigator Version 14. 3 tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 10 Figure 5. 9 Source formula for tutorial. vhd boasted in a anovulant . Figure 5. 10 tutorial entity .. Figure 5. 11 kcpsm3 entity . .. . Figure 5. 12 Adding a ancestor file to the project .. Figure 5. 3 New Source Wizard, train Source Type . Figure 5. 14 New Source Wizard, Define Module . Figure 5. 15 New Source Wizard, Summary . . .. Figure 5. 16 top_level in the Sources window .. Figure 5. 17 top_level. vhd, as displayed in Project Navigator, before editing .. Figure 5. 18(a) computer architecture of top_level. vhd, part 1 .. .. Figure 5. 18(b) architecture of top_level. vhd, part 2 . .. Figure 5. 19 top_level in the Sources window ..Figure 5. 20 Component declarations . Figure 5. 21 Signal declarations Figure 5. 22 Component instantiations .. Figure 5. 23 commentary port wines .. Figure 5. 24 Output ports .. Figure 5. 5 packet of Project Navigator screen with Synthesize XST expanded .. .. Figure 5. 26 A green tick next to Check Syntax shows that no errors were found . Figure 5. 27 Example w here(predicate) an error was purposely introduced Figure 5. 28 Portion of Project Naviga tor screen, with physical exerciser chastenesss expanded . Figure 5. 29 Dialog Box asking if you wish to create an Implementation Constraint File . . Figure 5. 30 Initial appearance of PlanAhead window . Figure 5. 31 I/O Ports displayed in a separate window . 38 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 50 51 51 52 53 53 55 55 56 56Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 11 Figure 5. 32 I/O Ports window with individual ports expanded . . Figure 5. 33 I/O Ports window with values fill in . Figure 5. 34 Portion of Project Navigator screen, with Implement Design expanded .. Figure 5. 35 Portion of Project Navigator screen, after Translate, Map and Place & Route have successfully been run . .. Figure 5. 36 Portion of Project Navigator screen, with Implement Design expanded .. Figure 5. 7 Portion of Project Navigator screen, after Generate Programming File has successfully been run . . Figure 5. 38 The initial viol ation window .. .. Figure 5. 39 intrusion window, after double-clicking on Boundary register . Figure 5. 40 iMPACT window, showing Initialize Chain selected Figure 5. 41 iMPACT window, assign configuration files .. .. Figure 5. 42 iMPACT window, assigning the configuration file for the xc3e500e . .. Figure 5. 43 iMPACT window, talks box asking if we wish to attach an SPI or BPI perambulation . Figure 5. 4 iMPACT window, bypassing the xcf04s . Figure 5. 45 iMPACT window, bypassing the xc2c64a . .. Figure 5. 46 iMPACT window, Device Programming Properties dialog box Figure 5. 47 iMPACT window, showing the device chain .. .. Figure 5. 48 iMPACT window, options which appear when right clicking on the xc3s500e .. Figure 5. 49 iMPACT window, after the curriculum has been successfully downloaded to the Spartan-3E progress .. Figure 6. 1 The Spartan-3E be on with the program running . .. 57 58 59 60 61 2 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 72 73 75 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 12 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 13 List of Tables Page Table 5. 1 Input/ take ports of the top_level entity . .. Table 5. 2 Values to bow in the I/O Ports window . . 54 57 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 14 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 15 1. 0 Introduction This tutorial is designed to financial aid new users become familiar with victimization the PicoBlaze microcontroller with the Spartan-3E board. The tutorial gives a brief induction to the PicoBlaze microcontroller, and hence steps done the quest Writing a trivial PicoBlaze assembly language (. psm) file, and stepping done the process of assembling the . psm file using KCPSM3. Writing a top level VHDL mental faculty to connect the PicoBlaze microcontroller (KCPSM3 component) and the program ROM, and to connect the required comment and output ports.Connecting the top level module infixs and outputs to the switches, buttons and LEDs on the Spartan-3E board. Downloading the program to the Spartan-3E board using the Project Navigator parcel. 1. 1 Design Functionality The mark written in this tutorial reads the values of the four switches and the four push buttons, and displays the current values on the eight LEDS. 1. 2 Relevant Documentation Before commencing this tutorial, it would be table serviceful to download the Spartan-3E FPGA neophyte Kit Board User draw 1, and the PicoBlaze 8-bit Embedded Microcontroller User Guide 2. 1. Pre-requisite Knowledge Before commencing this tutorial, the user should work through The Spartan-3E Tutorial 1 Introduction to FGPA Programming 3. 1. 4 Scope This tutorial is designed to help the user who is just vexing to get into using the PicoBlaze with the Spartan-3E. It steps through the process of creating a very simple PicoBlaze program, running the assembler, putting the VHDL components unneurotic in Project Navigator, and downloading the final program to the board. It is not designed to be a tutorial on VHDL syntax or to provide enlarge instruction on the PicoBlaze.For help with VHDL, the user rump consult with a number of school textual matterbooks on the subject, such(prenominal) as 4,5, or find help online. The book by Chu 6 is also a useful reference for the Spartan-3 with to a greater extent useful examples. Reference designs for the Spartan-3E keep also be found here 7. For detailed information about the features and instruction set of the PicoBlaze, the user can consult the documentation in 2,8. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 16 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the P icoBlaze Microcontroller 17 2. 0 Equipment The following are required to work through this tutorial The Xilinx ISE Project Navigator software. Version 14. 3 was used in this tutorial, but older versions of the software can be used. The software can be downloaded with a kick WebPack license from the Xilinx website, http//www. xilinx. com/. The user allow for need to register and log in. The Spartan-3E grouch Kit, including the Spartan-3E development board, power cable and USB cable for PC connection. The Spartan-3E development board is shown in Figure 2. 1.The Picoblaze 8-bit Microcontroller software. The software can be downloaded for free from the Xilinx website, http//www. xilinx. com/. again the user forget need to register and log in. If a 64-bit machine is being used, software which can run 32-bit DOS programs, such as DOSBox, will be needed to run the KCPSM3 executable. DOSBox can be downloaded from http//www. dosbox. com/. position JTAG ON/OFF Reset Button FPGA USB LCD LEDs Push Buttons Figure 2. 1 Spartan-3E Development Board. SW0-3 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 18 . 0 Background The PicoBlaze Micocontroller The PicoBlaze is an 8-bit RISC microcontroller which is specifi harbingery designed and optimized for the Spartan-3 family. One of its master(prenominal) advantages is its small size, requiring only 96 FPGA slices. It is provided as a free, source-level VHDL file with royalty-free re-use within Xilinx FPGAs 2. Figure 3. 1 shows that the PicoBlaze consists of both components. The KCPSM3 component provides the ALU, registers, scratchpad push etc. The period holding (Program) component stores the operating instructions to be executed. This typically consists of a intercept RAM, of 1024 bytes in size.Figure 3. 1 PicoBlaze components 8. The prefatorial design process using the PicoBlaze follows the steps below 1. A PicoBlaze program is written in assembl y language. This file is given the extension . psm. 2. The KCPSM3 assembler is run on the . psm file, and a VHDL file (extension . vhd) which embeds the instructions in the Block Memory component, is output. The do of the . vhd file will be derived from the name of the . psm file, i. e. , if the . psm file is myprog. psm, then the . vhd file will be myprog. vhd. 3. The VHDL jurisprudence for the Block Memory and KCPSM3 modules is loaded into Project Navigator.Further VHDL code will need to be written to connect the two modules and interface to the outside world. 4. The project is compiled using the Project Navigator Software, and ultimately downloaded to the Spartan-3E board (or other target hardware). Figures 3. 2 and 3. 3 show the VHDL component declarations for the KCPSM3 and Block Memory respectively. Note that the name of the Block Memory component is derived from the name of the original . psm file, i. e. , if the . psm file was myprog. psm, the Block Memory component will b e called myprog. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 19 component kcpsm3 port (address instruction port_id issue_strobe out_port read_strobe in_port interrupt interrupt_ack fix clk end component out std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) in std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) out std_logic out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) out std_logic in std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) in std_logic out std_logic in std_logic in std_logic) Figure 3. 2 KCPSM3 component declaration. send for of component derived from name of . psm file omponent myprog port (address in std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) instruction out std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) clk in std_logic) end component Figure 3. 3 Block Memory component declarations. In addition, it is possible to download a new program into the Block Memory, using the JTAG port on the Spartan-3E board. This can provide a convenient kernel to update the progr am without having to recompile the VHDL code in Project Navigator. This is not cover by this introductory tutorial, and the user can refer to documentation such as 3 for more information. Xilinx Spartan-3EProject Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 20 4. 0 Procedure Part 1 PicoBlaze 4. 1 PicoBlaze Download 1. Download the file KCPSM3. zip from http//www. xilinx. com/. The version of the software for the Spartan-3 family should be chosen. 2. Unzip the file. later unzipping, the files should appear as shown in Figure 4. 1. Figure 4. 1 KCPSM3 files after unzipping. The file KCPSM3_Manual. pdf is listed as reference 8 in this tutorial. 4. 2 Copy Files 1. Create a directory called tutorial_2 in an appropriate location.This will be the working directory for the rest of this tutorial. 2. Copy the following files in the Assembler directory into tutorial_2 KCPSM3. EXE ROM_form. coe ROM_form. v ROM_form. vhd 3. Copy the following file i n the VHDL directory into tutorial_2 kcpsm3. vhd Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 21 4. 3 Assembly Language Code 1. Open a text editor (for example, Notepad or Wordpad), and memorialize the text shown in Figure 4. 2. The text consists of a very simple program written in the KCPSM3 assembly language.The program runs in an infinite loop, reading the contents of an input port at address 00h (connected to the switches) into a register, and writing the contents of this register to an output port at address 80h (connected to the LEDs). Characters which appear after a in each line are comments. Simple loop that puts contents of input register into the output register switches DSIN $00 LEDS DSOUT $80 read switches into register s0 write contents of s0 to output port 80 leds. loop back to start start INPUT s0, 00 OUTPUT s0, 80 JUMP start Figure 4. 2 Simple PicoBlaze program. . Save your file to tutori al. psm, in the tutorial_2 directory. If using Notepad, be careful not to save the file as tutorial. psm. txt. The name of the file should be restricted to 8 characters. The tutorial_2 directory should now contain the files shown in Figure 4. 3. Figure 4. 3 Files in the tutorial_2 working directory. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 22 4. 4 Running the Assembler As shown in Figure 4. 4, the assembler takes the . psm file as input, as well as three Block RAM initialisation templates.Fifteen different output files are produced. In this tutorial, we will be using the . vhd output file. Figure 4. 4 KCPSM3 assembler files 2. The assembler is a DOS executable file, KCPSM3. exe, which can be run in a DOS Command Prompt window. 4. 4. 1 32-bit Operating Systems 1. Open a DOS Command Prompt window by selecting StartAll ProgramsAccessoriesCommand Prompt 2. Use the cd command to vary into the tutorial_2 working d irectory, as shown in Figure 4. 5. Figure 4. 5 DOS Command Prompt window, after changing to working directory. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 23 3. forthwith type the command KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, as shown in Figure 4. 6. Figure 4. 6 DOS Command Prompt window, with KCPSM3 command typed in. After entering the command KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, numerous gists should fly past on the screen, end point with KCPSM3 successful. KCPSM3 complete, as shown in Figure 4. 7. After the assembler has successfully run, the working directory should contain many more files, as shown in Figure 4. 12. Figure 4. 7 DOS Command Prompt window, after KCPSM3 successfully run. 4. Type departure to mean the Command Prompt window.Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 24 4. 4. 2 64-bit Operating Systems The KCPSM3 executable will only work on 32-bit operating systems. If you are using a 64-bit machine and attempt to run KCPMS3 in a DOS Command Prompt window, the error message shown in Figure 4. 8 will appear. Figure 4. 8 Error message which appears if it is attempted to run KCPSM3 on a 64-bit machine. One expression to work around this and run KCPSM3 is to use the DOSbox software, which can be downloaded from http//www. dosbox. com/. 1.Download and run DOSBox. 2. Mount the working directory and change into this directory. When DOSbox is started up, a command window which resembles the DOS Command Prompt window appears. However, it is first necessary to mount the working directory to a drive letter before being able to enter this directory and run programs. This is done with the mount command mount Figure 4. 9 shows the commands entered to mount and change into the working directory. In this case, the working directory is mounted as drive letter c. The command c is then used to change into this directory. Xilinx Spartan-3EProject Naviga tor Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 25 Figure 4. 9 DOSBox window, commands entered to mount and change into the working directory. 3. Now type the command KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, as shown in Figure 4. 10. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 26 Figure 4. 10 DOSBox window, with KCPSM3 command typed in. After entering the command KCPSM3 tutorial. psm, numerous messages should fly past on the screen, ending with KCPSM3 successful. KCPSM3 complete, as shown in Figure 4. 11.After the assembler has successfully run, the working directory should contain many more files, as shown in Figure 4. 12. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 27 Figure 4. 11 DOSBox window, after KCPSM3 successfully run. 4. Type exit to coda DOSBox. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 28 Figure 4. 12 Files in the working directory after KCPSM3 successfully run. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 9 Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 30 5. 0 Procedure Part 2 Project Navigator 5. 1 Startup Start the Project Navigator software by selecting StartAll ProgramsXILINX Design ToolsXilinx ISE Design Suite 14. 3ISE Design Tools32 bit Project Navigator or StartAll ProgramsXILINX Design ToolsXilinx ISE Design Suite 14. 3ISE Design Tools64 bit Project Navigator depending on your system. The Xilinx Project Navigator software should start. The initial window which appears on startup should appear as shown in Figure 5. . Figure 5. 1 Project Navigator Software Startup Window. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontro ller 31 5. 2 Creating a New Project 1. train FileNew Project. The New Project Wizard will appear. 2. Type tutorial_2 in the Name field. 3. Choose Location and Working Directory as the tutorial_2 working directory. 4. corroborate that Top-level source type is selected as HDL. 5. The properties should now be set as shown in Figure 5. 2. gaol undermentioned to go on to the Project Settings page. Figure 5. 2 New Project Wizard, Create New Project Page. 6.Fill in the properties as follows Evaluation Development Board None Specified or Spartan-3E entrant Board Product Category All Family Spartan3E Device XC3S500E Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 32 Package FG320 Speed Grade -4 Top-Level Source Type HDL price reduction Tool XST (VHDL/Verilog) Simulator ISim (VHDL/Verilog) Preferred Language VHDL Property Specification in Project File Store All Values Manual Compile modulate unchecked VHDL Source Analysis Standard VHDL-93 Enable Message Filtering uncheckedNote if you pick out Evaluation Development Board as Spartan-3E Started Board, properties from Product Category through to Speed will be filled in automatically. However, you must accomplish sure that Preferred Language is set to VHDL. The properties should now be filled in as shown in Figure 5. 3. Figure 5. 3 New Project Wizard, Project Settings Page. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 33 7. Click Next to move to the Project Summary page, which will appear as shown in Figure 5. 4. Figure 5. 4 New Project Wizard, Project Summary Page. 8.Click fill in to exit the New Project Wizard. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 34 5. 3 Adding Source Files 1. distinguish ProjectAdd Source as shown in Figure 5. 5. A window will appear allowing you to choose one or more fi les. Figure 5. 5 Adding a source file to the project. 2. Select TUTORIAL. VHD and kcpsm3. vhd as shown in Figure 5. 6. Both files can be selected at once by clicking on the first computer filename, holding down the CTRL key and clicking the second filename. Alternatively, one file can be selected and steps 1-3 repeated for the second file.Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 35 Figure 5. 6 Add Source file selection window. 3. The Adding Source Files window will now appear as shown in Figure 5. 7, showing the two files selected to be added to the project. Click OK. Figure 5. 7 Adding Source Files window. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 36 As shown in Figure 5. 8, kcpsm3 and tutorial will now appear in the Sources window. Doubleclicking on either filename in the Sources window will display the file in a tab.Sources Window Figure 5. 8 kcpsm3 and tutorial in the Sources window. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 37 5. 4 tutorial. vhd and kcpsm3. vhd Observations 1. Double-click on tutorial in the Sources window. This will display the source code in a tab, as shown in Figure 5. 9. It can be seen that Project Navigator colour codes the text of VDHL files, to make them easier to read. color lines, which start with - - are displayed in green. Reserved words of the VHDL language are displayed in blue, while VHDL types are displayed in red.Everything else is left as black. tutorial in Sources window Source code for tutorial. vhd appears in this tab Figure 5. 9 Source code for tutorial. vhd is displayed in a tab. A close up of the code for the tutorial entity is shown in Figure 4. 10. Note that this corresponds to the Block Memory (Program) component of Figures 3. 1 and 3. 3. Figure 5. 10 tutorial entity. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Naviga tor Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 38 2. Double-click on kcpsm3 in the Sources window, to display the source code for kcpsm3. vhd.A close up of the code for the kspsm3 entity is shown in Figure 5. 11. Note that this corresponds to the KCPSM3 block of Figures 3. 1 and 3. 2. Figure 5. 11 kcpsm3 entity. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 39 5. 5 Adding a top_level Entity VHDL code still needs to be written to tie together the kcpsm3 and tutorial entities, and also to interface with the Spartan-3E board. We will create a file called top_level. vhd for this purpose. 1. Select ProjectNew Source as shown in Figure 5. 12. The New Source Wizard will appear. Figure 5. 2 Adding a source file to the project. 2. Select Source Type as VHDL Module. 3. Enter the file name as top_level, and enter the location of the file (same as the project location entered earlier. 4. Verify that the Add to project box is checked. shown in Figure 5. 13. The New Source Wizard should now appear as Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 40 Figure 5. 13 New Source Wizard, Select Source Type. 5. Click Next to go to the Define Module window. 6. Define the ports (inputs and outputs of the design) by entering the information as shown in Figure 5. 14.These ports are described as follows switches will be an input consisting of 8 bits, and will be connected with the 4 slide switches and 4 push buttons on the Spartan-3E. clk will be an input consisting of 1 bit, and will be connected to the clock input. LEDs will be an output consisting of 8 bits, and will be connected with the LEDs on the Spartan-3E. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 41 Figure 5. 14 New Source Wizard, Define Module. 7. Click Next to move to the Summary page, a s shown in Figure 5. 15. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 42 Figure 5. 15 New Source Wizard, Summary. 9. Click Finish to exit the New Source Wizard. As shown in Figure 5. 16, top_level will now appear in the Sources window. Double-clicking on top_level in the Sources window will display the file, top_level. vhd in a tab. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 43 top_level in Sources window Figure 5. 16 top_level in the Sources window. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 4 5. 6 Editing the top_level Entity 1. Double-click on top_level in the Sources window to display the file, top_level. vhd in a tab. The code for top_level. vhd is shown in Figure 5. 17. entity architecture Figure 5. 17 top_level. vhd, as displayed in Project Navigator, before editing. The co de in Figure 5. 17 contains an entity and an architecture sectionalization. The entity section defines the inputs and outputs of this hardware block. In this case these have been automatically added using the New Source Wizard. The architecture section still needs to be written for this module. 2. Replace the architecture block in Figure 5. 7 with the code in Figure 5. 18(a) and (b). This code is a trimmed down version of the Initial Design for the Spartan-3E FPGA Starter Kit Board (the original design shipped with the board), downloaded from 7. For reference the complete code for top_level. vhd is listed in Appendix A. Note that where VDHL code is listed in this tutorial, the same colour coding as Project Navigator is used, to assist with readability. 3. Save the file by selecting File Save from the main menu. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 45 rchitecture Behavioral of top_level is declaration of K CPSM3 (always use this declaration to call up PicoBlaze core) component kcpsm3 port (address out std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) instruction in std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) port_id out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) write_strobe out std_logic out_port out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) read_strobe out std_logic in_port in std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) interrupt in std_logic interrupt_ack out std_logic reset in std_logic clk in std_logic) end component declaration of program keeping (here you will specify the entity name as your . psm prefix name) component tutorial port (address in std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) instruction out std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) clk in std_logic) end component Signals used to connect PicoBlaze core to program memory and I/O logic manoeuvre address std_logic_vector(9 downto 0) signal instruction std_logic_vector(17 downto 0) signal port_id std_logic_vector(7 downto ) signal out_port std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) signal in_port std_logic_vec tor(7 downto 0) signal write_strobe std_logic signal read_strobe std_logic signal interrupt_ack std_logic signal reset std_logic the following input is assigned an inactive value since it is unused in this example signal interrupt std_logic =0 Start of circuit description bring forth Instantiating the PicoBlaze core processor kcpsm3 port map (address = address, instruction = instruction, port_id = port_id, write_strobe = write_strobe, Figure 5. 18(a) Architecture of top_level. vhd, part 1. Xilinx Spartan-3E Project Navigator Version 14. 3 Tutorial 2 Introduction to Using the PicoBlaze Microcontroller 46 ut_port = out_port, read_strobe = read_strobe, in_port = in_port, interrupt = interrupt, interrupt_ack = interrupt_ack, reset = reset, clk = clk) Instantiating the program memory program tutorial port map (address = address, instruction = instruction, clk = clk) Connect I/O of PicoBlaze - KCPSM3 Define input ports - The inputs connect via a pipelined multiplexer input_por ts process(clk) begin if clkevent and clk=1 then case port_id(1 downto 0) is read simple toggle switches and buttons at address 00 enamor when 00 = in_port instruction, port_id = port_id, write_strobe = write_strobe, out_port = out_port, read_strobe = read_strobe, in_port = in_port, interrupt = interrupt, interrupt_ack = interrupt_ack, reset = reset, clk = clk) Instantiating the